The power of liquid pressure

The extreme high-pressure environment is the main obstacle to deep-sea exploration. In the sea, for every 10 meters of diving, the pressure increases by about one standard atmosphere, and the pressure is evenly distributed in all directions. At the deepest known point of the ocean - the Mariana Trench, the water pressure can reach about 1100 times standard atmospheric pressure, equivalent to the weight of thousands of elephants pressing on the back of an adult. In the metal processing industry, the power of liquid pressure can be utilized. For example, hydraulic presses rely on liquid pressure to achieve forging and forming of metal components, which is widely used in the manufacturing of precision metal products such as automotive parts and aircraft structural components.

The unit is designed for unsupervised public use: controls are recessed or shielded, moving parts are enclosed, and the interface is operable by a child of about six with no instruction. Where a screen is used, the language can be switched without changing the hardware, and the content can be replaced on site.

Liquid pressure refers to the vertical force acting on a unit area at a point in a stationary fluid, with the international unit being Pascal (Pa, 1Pa=1N/m ²). For homogeneous incompressible fluids, the pressure is calculated using the formula p=ρ gh, where ρ is the liquid density, g is the gravitational acceleration (approximately 9.81m/s ²), and h is the height of the liquid column; Its core characteristic is isotropy, which means that the pressure at any point inside the liquid is equal in all directions. In seawater environment, for every 10 meters increase in depth, the pressure rises by about one standard atmosphere (0.1 MPa). The pressure at different depths corresponds clearly to engineering applications: the lower limit pressure of the 200 meter transparent layer is about 2.0 MPa (20 atm), which is the operating depth of conventional submersibles; The lower limit pressure of the mid-level zone at 1000 meters is 10 MPa (100 atm), corresponding to the maximum design depth of the Jiaolong spacecraft; The upper limit pressure of the 4500 meter abyss zone is.