Fruit fly hybridization experiment

Morgan conducted a series of fruit fly hybridization experiments in the early 20th century. By crossbreeding fruit flies with red and white eye colors, observing and analyzing the eye color of their offspring, it was found that the appearance of white eye trait is always associated with gender. Through subsequent verification, it was proved that the gene controlling white eye is located on the X chromosome. The fruit fly hybridization experiment linked a specific gene with a specific chromosome, proving for the first time through experiments that genes are located on chromosomes.

The unit is designed for unsupervised public use: controls are recessed or shielded, moving parts are enclosed, and the interface is operable by a child of about six with no instruction. Where a screen is used, the language can be switched without changing the hardware, and the content can be replaced on site.

In the early days, Morgan firmly opposed all theories of genetic evolution. However, in a fruit fly experiment, Morgan hybridized red eyed female fruit flies with mutated white eyed male fruit flies. In the next generation, both males and females had red eyes, and the ratio of red eyes to white eyes in the next generation after mating was 3:1, with all white eyed fruit flies being male. The fruit fly experiment made Morgan firmly support Mendel's laws of inheritance, and further proposed that gene linkage and exchange are also genetic laws. He defined Mendel's concept of "genetic factors" as "genes" and established the "gene theory", thus ushering in the era of genetic science.