Small molecule and large molecule drugs

The size of drug molecules is measured in daltons (Da) and divided by molecular weight: drugs with a molecular weight less than 1000 Da are classified as small molecule drugs, while drugs with a molecular weight greater than 1000 Da are classified as large molecule drugs. Small molecule drugs are composed of low molecular weight chemical molecules, with a simple structure and easy absorption by the human body. They can be prepared through chemical synthesis methods, and are mostly oral medications. Large molecule drugs use biomolecules as active ingredients, with larger molecular sizes and slower absorption. They can be prepared through biotechnology, and are mostly injectable drugs. The ibuprofen and aspirin exhibited in this exhibit belong to small molecule drugs; Recombinant human interferon alpha-2b and liraglutide belong to macromolecular drugs. Small molecule drugs and large molecule drugs each have their own characteristics and play important roles in disease treatment.

The unit is designed for unsupervised public use: controls are recessed or shielded, moving parts are enclosed, and the interface is operable by a child of about six with no instruction. Where a screen is used, the language can be switched without changing the hardware, and the content can be replaced on site.

The difference between small molecule drugs and large molecule drugs: 1) The molecular weight of small molecule drugs is usually below 1000 Daltons (Da), while the molecular weight of large molecule drugs is usually above 10000 Daltons (Da). 2) Hydrophilic small molecule drugs are more soluble in water, while large molecule drugs are more soluble in oils. 3) Small molecule drugs are more easily metabolized by the human body, while the metabolism of large molecule drugs is more complex. 4) Small molecule drugs can be administered orally or intravenously, while large molecule drugs are often administered via intravenous infusion or transdermal delivery. 5) Small molecule drugs can usually directly bind to target proteins and exert their therapeutic effects, while large molecule drugs need to exert their therapeutic effects through other mechanisms. 6) The toxicity of small molecule drugs is usually higher than that of larger molecule drugs. 7) Small molecule drugs are mainly used in the treatment of intracellular diseases in application fields.