Simulate cosmic velocity

The three major cosmic velocities refer to the minimum velocities required to launch artificial celestial bodies from the Earth's surface, which are determined based on different mission objectives and orbital characteristics. The minimum velocity required for an artificial satellite to make circular motion around the Earth in a low orbit near the Earth's surface is 7.9 km/s. The second cosmic velocity (escape velocity) is 11.2 km/s, which is the minimum velocity required for an object to break free from the gravitational constraints of the Earth and fly away from it. The minimum velocity required for an object to escape the gravitational pull of the Sun and fly out of the solar system is 16.7 km/s.

The unit is designed for unsupervised public use: controls are recessed or shielded, moving parts are enclosed, and the interface is operable by a child of about six with no instruction. Where a screen is used, the language can be switched without changing the hardware, and the content can be replaced on site.

The three major cosmic velocities are based on the study of the motion laws of two particles under the action of universal gravity. People usually refer to the minimum launch velocities required for spacecraft to orbit the Earth, detach from the Earth, and fly out of the solar system as the first cosmic velocity (Newton called it the orbital velocity), the second cosmic velocity (escape velocity), and the third cosmic velocity, respectively. The first cosmic velocity: the speed at which an object orbits the Earth in a uniform circular motion near the ground, v1=7.9km/s。 Second cosmic velocity: refers to the minimum velocity required for an object to completely escape the gravitational field of the Earth, v2=11.2km/s。 Third cosmic velocity: When a spacecraft taking off from Earth reaches a speed of 16.7 kilometers per second, it can break free from the constraints of the sun's gravity and enter a wider universe without further acceleration, v3=16.7km/s。.